The armor pieces can be destroyed individually, and you must destroy that area's armor to begin to damage him there. He has armor on his head, chest, and back.
He is a larger, armored version of a Bloat that is capable of creating Abomination Spawns. He served the role of 'Krampus' during the event, and then continued on as a regular boss after the event ended. The Abomination was the fourth boss added to Killing Floor 2, initially as part of a Twisted Christmas event.